Women As Buddhists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Ladies As Buddhists - Essay Example Legends around Shakamuni Buddha flourish; one of them recounts the demise of his mom, Maya when Shakamuni was a baby. His auntie, Prajapati, assumed control over the raising of him and later requested to join his sangha. She was cannot. It was simply after Shakamuni’s cousin Ananda has mentioned multiple times that Prajapati amd her 500 adherents were permitted to rehearse Buddhism outside of the home, as nuns. Legends around Shakamuni Buddha proliferate; one of them recounts the passing of his mom, Maya when Shakamuni was a baby. His auntie, Prajapati, assumed control over the raising of him and later requested to join his sangha. She was won't. It was simply after Shakamuni’s cousin Ananda has mentioned multiple times that Prajapati amd her 500 supporters were permitted to rehearse Buddhism outside of the home, as nuns.â This story has been denied as existing by certain researchers, who legitimize their forswearing by bringing up that it was developed to reestabli sh cultural standards after the demise of the Buddha  Much discussion has been locked in over this story, refering to Buddhism as misogynist from the earliest starting point. Yet, let us take a gander at the general public of the occasions, for it is society that motivates and furthermore makes rules and mores and goes about as the force behind changing laws and sacred corrections in each nation. Right off the bat, Indian culture was (and still is, in numerous spots) a khast framework which follows severe social mores concerning one’s conditions of birth, familial status and gender.â ... A lady leading a similar practice was liable to assault, theft, and different deplorable violations against ladies, which despite everything happen today. Researchers express that all things considered, Shakamuni wouldn't leave his dearest auntie and guardian alone a functioning religious woman because of the perils to ladies who were liberated during his time. Since the Buddhist confidence is focused on empathy and illumination achievable by any individual who can hold fast to the practices and rules, all things considered, Shakamuni was endeavoring to secure ladies instead of curb them.3 It likewise bodes well that in his empathy, the Buddha set nuns under the Eight Strict Rules and under the subordinance of the priests so as to safeguard his lessons by not driving Indian culture into political agitation by giving ladies an excessive amount of opportunity too early. This positively would have been the knowledge of one so illuminated, knowing the fleetingness of the world and realizing that with time and changes to society through proceeded with edification, the principles could be loose. He never said that ladies couldn't accomplish illumination similarly as men could; in actuality he said the inverse: 'Straight' is the name that Road is called, and 'Liberated from Fear' the Quarter whither thou craftsmanship bound. Thy Chariot is the 'Quiet Runner' named, With Wheels of Righteous Effort fitted well. Still, small voice the Leaning-board; the Drapery Is Heedfulness; the Driver is the Dharma, I state, and Right Views, they that run previously. Furthermore, be it lady, or be it man for whom Such a chariot doth pause, by that equivalent vehicle into Nirvana's quality will they come.4 With regards to the eight standards, they are fundamentally hence: 1. A bhikkuni (religious woman), regardless of whether in the request for 100

Using Photographs from the web Essay Example for Free

Utilizing Photographs from the web Essay The advantage of having such huge numbers of visuals today is mind boggling. Since we have so visuals today it makes it simpler to speak with individuals. We can speak with individuals without utilizing any words, simply utilizing visuals. The new innovation and assets like face book, YouTube, and films. With this sort of innovation it makes it simpler to discuss without utilizing words. It likewise grows your correspondence since now you’re ready to speak with individuals that ordinarily wouldn’t have the option to convey. Having ccess to such a significant number of visuals you can promote your instruction. Their likewise challenges you should confront having such a significant number of visuals at your administer. Copyrights come essentially; you can’t simply utilize any photograph for your advantage without having copyrights consent. Copyrights are their assistance the craftsman so you will get credited. Utilizing visual now and again can prompt miscommunication if the message isn't deciphered right. Now and again the visuals may delude you on the off chance that you don’t understand the message. These difficulties with visuals could hurt you at a similar it likewise can assist you with accomplishing objectives. Presently on the legitimate side of copyrights, since you don’t see the copyright image doesn’t mean it’s not ensured by copyrights since it is. You need authorization on the off chance that you need to email distributed research, put a report online post a report and copies for articles for gatherings. The main thing that isn't secured by copyrights is thoughts, realities and information. There is additionally a demonstration called reasonable use where you can utilize analysis, spoof, news announcing, insightful research, and instruction. The substance utilized for instructive purposes falls under the copyright teaching of reasonable use. Reasonable use is the option to utilize copyrighted material without authorization or installment under certain conditions. The US copyright act list for components to help decide to utilize reasonable utilize, for example, the reason character of the utilization, the nature of the copyrighted work, the impact of the market, and the measure of generosity. The conceivable moral and lawful ramifications of utilizing these photographs is when general visibility can be shot, however private spots require assent. The legitimate and moral issues to remember hen utilizing web-based social networking and along these lines is guarantee your examination profile is raised for quite a few reasons, not an inappropriate ones. The key is to recollect that all the laws, arrangements and social principles that apply, in actuality, additionally apply on the web. These issues can be maintained a strategic distance from on the web in the event that you just exercise safeguards. Adhere to rules from your regular day to day existence, for example, not offering private data to outsiders or taking media from a store. The Internet is an integral asset that can improve the general nature of your life whenever utilized morally and legitimately.

Acupressure and Shiatsu :: Health Therapy Asia Papers

Pressure point massage and Shiatsu Back rub Therapy/Oriental techniques/Acupressure and Shiatsu The Purpose of Acupressure/How Acupressure Works/Claims of Acupressure/ Backing of Claims/The Purpose of Shiatsu/How Shiatsu Works/ Cases of Shiatsu/Support of the Claims/Conclusion/Tests ans Studies Back rub Therapy Back rub treatment is a method that influences all frameworks of the body; stomach related, respiratory, lymphatic, circulatory, endocrine and the sensory system. Back rub can change the blood by expanding the oxygen limit, influence the muscles, increment the body's discharges and discharges, influence the sensory system, improve skin condition and it influences interior organs. Back rubs advantage you genuinely, inwardly, profoundly and intellectually. Instances of such advantages are pressure help, a casual state, speedier recuperation time and a greater feeling of mindfulness. Back rub helps in the flow of blood, the development of the lymphatic liquid, the arrival of poisons, the arrival of strain, mind/body combination, decrease of pressure, vitality and improvement of every single substantial framework. It was found in an investigation of University of Miami understudies that a month of back rubs increased cerebrum wave exercises, diminished nervousness and helped understudie s total math issues in a fraction of the time and with less mistakes. ( http://www.latimes.com:80/CNS_DAYS/980831/t000079147.html) There are a wide range of techniques for rub treatment, for example, customary European back rubs, Contemporary western back rubs, Structual/Movement/Functional/Integration kneads, oriental strategies and fiery strategies. Oriental Methods The objective of oriental medication is to analyze the idea of unevenness to recognize the 'example of disharmony', not to analyze the name of the illness. There is a maxim ' disease is goodness'. Wellbeing is balance-sickness is a sign of irregularity, and of the body's activity to recapture that balance. (http://www.shiatsucanada.com/shiatsu/oriental.htm) Oriental strategies are taken from the basics of Chinese medication which depend on stream of vitality or chi through the meridians. The oriental perspective is the yin and yang. In this way, the oriental perspective on great wellbeing is when there is a harmony between the yin and the yang. The yin is chilly, dim and inside while the yang is warm, light and outside. In spite of the way that they are direct inverses, the Orientals see them as one. They make one another, characterize one another, control one another and change into one another. ( http://www.shiatsucanada.com/shiatsu/oriental.htm) Health incorporates one's physical, profound and passionate jobs.

An Essential Foundation The Role Setting Plays in American Theatre - Literature Essay Samples

For the sake of the audience, a theatre production relies on a well-designed and thematically relevant setting. This is because a setting is responsible for designating the audience in a particular time and place, in addition to creating a specific social or political environment. In some plays, the setting is so detailed and ornate that it becomes a character in itself. In others, particularly in modern theatre, the set is so bare that the audience has to work with their imaginations in order to orient themselves. The setting furnishes the shaping of the plot, as well as the motivations and sometimes the personalities of the characters. But most importantly, the setting of a theatrical production is crucial for demonstrating to the audience the overarching thematic message that the playwright is trying to convey. For Eugene ONeill, his set in Desire Under the Elms proves the importance of a home and its relationship to an individuals identity. In Thornton Wilders Our Town, the set i s vital to conveying the philosophical messages about the transience of natural life. Something unique about Desire Under the Elms is that it is an adaptation of the Greek tragedy of Phaedra. In the legend, Phaedra falls in love with her stepson, Hippolytus, and thus incurs the wrath of her husband, Theseus. What ONeill does is take the classic Greek tragedy and apply it to a rural New England setting in 1850. Currently, it is increasingly common with adaptations that a new setting ceases to bring the thematic impact of the original piece. However, being written in 1924 at the height of Freuds popularity and influence, ONeill makes a play about essentially an Oedipal tangle relevant to the discoveries of modern psychology. The playwrights fearlessness in uprooting the setting of the play and making it tangible to a modern time period shows how essential the role of setting is in theatre. In Desire Under the Elms, O’Neill establishes the setting of the play as a character itself, thus reflecting the character-driven nature of the plot. Included just below the list of characters in the set description is, â€Å"Two enormous elms are on each side of the house. They bend their trailing branches down over the roof. They appear to protect and at the same time subdue. There is a sinister maternity in their aspect, a crushing, jealous absorption. They have developed from their intimate contact with the life of man in the house on appalling humaneness. They brood oppressively over the house. They are like exhausted women resting their sagging breasts and hands and hair on its roof, and when it rains their tears trickle down monotonously and rot on the shingles† (O’Neill, 318). This meticulously detailed description not only personifies the set but also emphasizes the important role the set will play. O’Neill creates a gloomy tone to resonate throu ghout the rest of the piece, thus foreshadowing the tragic nature of the plot. The house itself is, â€Å"†¦in good condition but in need of paint. Its walls are a sickly grayish, the green of the shutters faded† (O’Neill, 318). Despite the threatening character of the setting, the main characters of the play will constantly be shown asserting the loyalty they feel towards their home. In one of the most notable scenes of the play, Eben and his father’s wife, Abbie, consummate their passions in the house’s parlor, the location where Eben’s mother died. O’Neill indicates that the parlor hasn’t been touched since Eben’s mother died there, and the setting is described as, â€Å"A grim, repressed room like a tomb in which the family has been interred alive† (O’Neill, 352). This description returns back to the â€Å"sinister maternity† of the elms over the house, thus symbolizing the colossal shadow that the spirit of Eben’s dead mother has left over the house. Though clearly a sacred space to all in the house, particularly to Eben, he and Abbie desecrate the room by consummating their overwhelming desires there. By doing so in this place of death, their actions foreshadow the tragic future of their relationship, culminating in Abbie’s murder of their infant son. The parlor is a significant set ting in the play as it reiterates the tragic atmosphere that O’Neill is striving for. Setting plays a key part in the idea of Patria for each of the characters in Desire Under the Elms. For the two supporting characters, Eben’s half-brothers Simeon and Peter, their desired home is â€Å"Californi-a†. The play is set in 1850, just one year after the California gold rush, and the two brothers are eager to find their fortunes on the west coast. As Peter puts it, â€Å"†¦thar’s the promise†¦Gold in the sky†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (O’Neill, 320). This quote represents the American promise of prosperity in the United States. However, it also shows that these particular characters do not feel a connection to their own farm as their â€Å"home†. Perhaps it is because of this that O’Neill casts of the characters by sending them to California and leaving the audience with the drama of the three main characters, who do feel the connection to the farm that Simeon and Peter lack. Abbie’s connection to the farm as her home, despite being there for so little time, shows an interesting revelation about her character as well as the idea of Patria for the female. From pages 338 to 339, Abbie describes her tragic life as a wanderer without a permanent home until meeting Ephraim. Now with a permanent residence, Abbie boldly proclaims to Eben, â€Å"This be my farm – this be my hum – this be my kitchen!† (O’Neill, 339). Just like Hestia in Greek mythology, Abbie has the opportunity to tend to a hearth and refuses to give that identity up, knowing how it is to live without a permanent setting. Through Abbie, O’Neill shows how setting gives the character not only a home, but also an identity. The farm as a setting proves especially important to the motivations and characterizations of Eben. Because the farm had originally belonged to his mother and it went to Ephraim upon her death, Eben shows particular hatred towards his father, believing that he deliberately worked his mother to death to get his hands on it. Defending his belief to his brothers, Eben declares, â€Å"†¦Ye’ve no right! She wa’n’t yewr Maw! It was her farm! Didn’t he steal it from her? She’s dead. It’s my farm† (O’Neill, 323). This attitude shows the particular faithfulness and protectiveness Eben shows toward his farm, and thus his home. With the farm used as the setting for the play, the audience is able to witness the dedication he has towards it, thus exemplifying to the audience the unbreakable connection to one’s true setting as their home. It is perhaps in the character of Ephraim that we witness the most passionate desire for Patria in O’Neill’s play. Though he is absent for a while before he returns with Abbie, Ephraim expresses to her a massive amount of loyalty to the farm, going so far as to harshly work his sons and (according to Eben) drive his former wife to her grave. Ephraim explains to Abbie, â€Å"They hated me ‘cause I was hard. I hated them ‘cause they was soft. They coveted the farm without knowin’ what it meant. It made me bitter ‘n wormwood. It aged me – them coveting what I’d made fur mine† (O’Neill, 349-50). Ephraim, perhaps through age, shows that he believes he knows more about what land means to a person. He understands that one shouldn’t possess land out of spite or entitlement, such as Eben does. Ephraim represents that owning land doesn’t necessarily mean it’s your home; it is cultivating it and growing with it that makes it so. Through the three main characters’ desires in Desire Under the Elms, O’Neill shows how the setting of a play represents the place of identity in the theatre. Thornton Wilder’s beloved play Our Town remains a classic in American theatre for a multitude of reasons, but especially because it is timeless. Though it takes place in specific years, Wilder presents a universal message about the appreciation of life that relates every audience member in a heartbreakingly individual way. Wilder presents an archetypical American town through an experimental theatrical set that would change the way an audience connected with the action onstage. Wilder’s Our Town is one of the earliest examples of experimental theatre. For example, Act I starts with these stage directions, â€Å"No curtain. No scenery. The audience, arriving, sees an empty stage in half-light† (Wilder, 5). A set up such as this is remarkably different from earlier American plays, O’Neill being a prominent example. Rather than making the plot and characters less accessible to an audience with a set such as this, Wilder instead seems to bridge the gap between the stage and the seats. By using minimal props and having characters mime regular activities, such as eating breakfast, the audience is forced to imagine the real setting for themselves. A technique such as this personalizes the action on stage to each audience member, thus creating a tighter connection to the universal, individualized message that Wilder attempts to convey. This element of Our Town is just the first of a number of production methods Wilder uses. In the text of the play, it is easy to see that the stage directions rarely refer to the set itself, a clear contrast to O’Neill’s Desire Under the Elms. Instead, the stage directions often refer to the actions of the character. The set is instead explained to the audience by one of American theatre’s most beloved characters, the Stage Manager. Resembling a narrator in a novel, the Stage Manager exists in two worlds: the one presented on stage and the world of the audience. He is used to help the audience designate the town, Grover’s Corners, as not only belonging to the characters on stage, but to the audience members as well. For example, he tells the audience, â€Å"In our town we like to know the facts about everybody† (Wilder, 9). It is the constant use of the words â€Å"we† and â€Å"ours† that begins to personalize the set for the audience, depending on each individual’s imagination or personal experience. This written t echnique proves itself significant because it forces the audience members to recall the meaning in every moment of their own lives outside the theatre while at home. The structure of the set in Our Town proves itself to be very important to the thematic message of the play. For example, in the morning of Act I there is a constant interchanging of the Webb and Gibbs households. The text shows one matriarch speaking right after the other, though clearly in the narrative they are speaking only to their households, not to each other. Because there is no physical wall or set piece separating them, the audience isn’t limited to just one set. The entire theatre, not just the stage, encapsulates the entire town, once again reinforcing the significance of the term â€Å"Ours†. Sung three times through the course of the production is the hymn, â€Å"Blessed Be the Tie That Binds†. It is sung in Act I during a normal day, Act II at a wedding, and Act III at a funeral. While mirroring the narrative’s relationship between Emily and George, the song is also used to reflect the never-ending circle of life. Through each moment of life, even on ordinary days such as the one seen in the first Act, Wilder reminds us that individuals are forever connected to each other in human nature. As an American audience becoming a part of a classic American town, the hymn indicates that all present in the theatre are collectively linked with their land. Another unique element of the play essential to the setting is the frequent manipulation of time. Besides each act jumping forward in years, the Stage Manager is shown calling back scenes from the past, usually to explain the present. In Act II, the Stage Manager takes a curious audience to see the emergence of George and Emily’s relationship in Mr. Morgan’s soda fountain. In Act III, a desperate Emily is taken back to her twelfth birthday, which happens with devastating effects on the deceased young woman. Time is continually manipulated, but the setting of Grover’s Corners always remains the same with the exceptions of the natural changes time and life bring. Wilder uses this technique to remind the audience of how quickly their own lives pass, despite their presumably constant settings. What makes theatre such a special artistic environment is that everything presented on stage is remarkable or special in someway. Our Town presents normal actions the audience does themselves, such as reading the paper or gossiping, yet the audience sees all of these things as extraordinary anyways. In Act III, the characters that have died are shown sitting on chairs on stage, representing their gravestones yet also resembling the perspective of the audience. It is when Emily returns to her twelfth birthday, a simple and normal day, that the audience realizes that their perspective is from the dead characters up on stage, who look back on life wishing that they had treasured every single moment of living. This is the heartbreaking theatrical device in the set that Wilder uses to present his universal message about the often-overlooked yet unintelligibly rapid pace of human life. What both plays are able to do is take note of the artificiality of the theatre itself as a setting, but does so to reinforce the thematic elements of the piece. In Desire Under the Elms, O’Neill seems to have decided that the medium of the theatre is a hateful one and seemingly starts to chip away at it. He does this by making the text of his play into a novelistic style, seen just under the character descriptions with the excruciatingly detailed set description as mentioned earlier. Though surely unrecognizable to an audience, a reader of the play notices elements such as these and recognizes how it adds to the bitter nature of the play. Our Town also recognizes the synthetic nature of presenting real life in a theatre, though in a considerably less pessimistic way than O’Neill. For example, the Stage Manager constantly disrupts scenes and moves time around to remind the audience that the normal activities seen onstage are not real life. The lack of props would also s eem to indicate that what is being presented is not real life. However, it is through this structure of story telling and set design that Wilder brings the audience closer to the symbolic importance of the play. Therefore, though continually deeming the theatre itself as just an imitation of real life, the set techniques that each author uses simply strengthen the message each attempts to convey. Eugene O’Neill’s 1924 play Desire Under the Elms, through the use of setting, illustrates O’Neill’s sense that the connection an American has to their land is all encompassing and can lead to devastating conclusions. Thornton Wilder’s 1938 play Our Town utilizes an experimental theatrical environment to prove a point about the impermanent nature of human existence and the seemingly little value that people put into each day. To both productions, the set provides the foundation from which the playwright, the actors, and the crew give an audience something to truly contemplate as they leave the theatre to enter the real world once again. The setting in a theatre production changes with every play, playwright, and director, yet it’s importance in establishing a base for the audience makes it the key component for the medium of theatre.

Gender Stereotypes And Gender Roles - 1845 Words

Times have changed; gender roles are no longer clearly defined Traditionally, gender has been defined as the state of being male or female but, recently society has begun to understand that gender is not the biological sex that you were born with but how you identify and express yourself. A persons gender can be male, female, neither, both or something completely different. People tend to see gender as black or white, or a box you can tick but gender does not have to conform to what our modern society understands. With that gender, comes a set of stereotypes and roles. These stereotypes are usually given to the male and female genders. A stereotype is an idea or assumption about a person or group of people. These stereotypes can be negative or harmful and make people assume the worst of others without actually getting to know them. Another idea that society obsesses over are gender roles. Gender roles are jobs assigned to people based on their gender. For example, women are expected to stay at home, cook, clean and take care of their kids whereas men are expected to work, and be the boss of their household. These expected roles restrict people by convincing them that they are not the gender they identify with unless they follow these roles. Gender and stereotypes are both explored in the film Bend It Like Beckham and a text from the 1950’s titled ‘Marriage Advice’. Bend It Like Beckham challenges the roles and stereotypes in race and gender whereas the second textShow MoreRelatedGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles Essay1415 Words   |  6 PagesRoles are often assigned to boys and girls in accordance with the sex assigned at birth. We refer to these as gender roles. Gender roles begin to be imposed as early as birth. The nursery in the hospital assigns either a blue name plate for a boy or a pink name plate for a girl. These roles are continuously reinforced by family. Children learn at an early age that boys and girls are different. Children observe gender roles and in many cases these roles are eventually accepted as an unquestionableRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Stereotypes Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesProspectus: Gender roles and gender stereotypes in advertising My position: I believe advertisements that reinforce female gender roles and stereotypes are damaging to society. 2. Non-favorable Incidents: The examination of the â€Å"Victoria’s Secret† ad for a line of undergarments labeled â€Å"The Showstopper.† The headline is â€Å"Show nothing but your shape,† and the image is a thin woman with big breasts staring seductively. The image clearly sets a tone that this is what is a stand of ideal beauty. AndRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles954 Words   |  4 Pages Gender can be a hot topic within cultures; a male or female does not want to be told that they can or cannot do something based on their gender. Every culture views gender roles differently, and some cultures are more serious about gender than others. Many times, male and female actions are determined by what a person has been taught is right; furthermore, gender roles are a set of societal norms that are the behaviors that a sex is generally known to do and what is considered accepted of a personRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1241 Words   |  5 PagesWe will never be able to control how gender stereotypes are formed. Gender roles were naturally created as a result of human evolution and the different modes of living that were adopted by humans. Humans, however remain the driving force behind reinforcing gender roles and stereotypes with different mediums. Such as television, art, and writing. In order to understand how gender is portrayed in contemporary American comedy this paper will analyze the characters from the television show, It’s AlwaysRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1261 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen expected to act a certain way depending on their sex. These societal expectations are called gender roles. (Rathus, 2010, p.447). These roles begin to develop even before a child is even out of the womb. A mother may decorate their nursery pink if they are having a daughter because â€Å"girls like pink,† and â€Å"boys like blue.† Gender roles should not be confused with gender stereotypes. A gender stereoty pe is a narrow way of thinking about how men and woman are obligated to behave. For example, men haveRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Stereotypes1102 Words   |  5 PagesDefined Gender Roles Creating a Lack of Reality in Children’s Literature Distinction is a concept that is learned at a very young age. It is used as a tool to distinguish between race, religion, language, age and especially gender. Where certain topics regarding race and religion may be considered more taboo, the definition of gender is always open for discussion but it is not always depicted in all forms of the word. Children can feel isolated if they cannot relate to individuals they look up toRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1246 Words   |  5 PagesGender roles are defined as the â€Å"widely accepted societal expectations about how males and females should behave† (Rathus, 2010). From gender roles, we, the people of society, are able to determine whether someone identifies as a male or a female. Both biological and social factors tend to determine what gender roles a person takes on. However, there are also gender stereotypes, which are â€Å"the fixed and oversimplified beliefs about the ways in which men and women ought to beha ve† (Rathus, 2010).Read MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1389 Words   |  6 PagesGender roles are set of societal norms dictating the types of behavior which are genrally considered acceptable , appropriate for people based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality. Gender roles are also determined by the prevailing cultural norms. The attitudes and expectations surrounding gender roles are not typically based on any inherent or natural gender differences, but on gender stereotypes, or oversimplified notions about the attitudes, traits, and behavior patterns of males andRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1076 Words   |  5 PagesGender stereotypes and gender roles are a largely contested issue in the modern world. Countries around the world have very different gender norms, though there are some recurrent patterns between many cultures. For most recurrent patterns there is a culture who does not abide by those gender norms. There is typically many good reasons for each recurrent pattern that makes sense from an evolutionary standpoint. There is also a significant difference in the way men and women are treated. This is causedRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles Essay2036 Words   |  9 Pagesalong the development of gender stereotypes and gender roles that have an impact on how children come to understand their own gender identity. Environmental factors such as peers, the media, and even parents perpetuate stereotypes through their own actions. Children come to understand gender during development through experiences that are shaped by their environment and perpetuated by their culture, which ultimately encourages gender stereotypes and conformity to gender roles. Children are born into

Nursing Management Plan For Nursing - 1533 Words

Assignment 1 Nursing care plans are structured nursing processes that identifyf patients â€Å"needs, goals, and progress, and identify current nursing interventions† (Caple, 2016, p. 1). Identification promotes communication with other health professionals providing care to the patient (Caple, 2016, p. 2). Care adapted holistically will meet the patients unique needs promotes positive outcomes (Caple, 2016, p. 1). This assignment introduces Mrs Adams (pseudonym) and briefly discusses her nursing management plan on day nine of admission. Her management plan developed by the nurse included input from a range of health professionals, friends and family. One important aspect of Mrs Adams nursing management plan explored in depth is oral cavity†¦show more content†¦Mrs Adams was monitored four hourly for changes in vital signs. The nurses believe this is appropriate for Mrs Adams clinical state as she is currently stable but at moderate risk of adverse events that could be detected b y abnormal vital signs. The nurse records observations on the Adult Deterioration Detection system (ADDS) (XDHB, 2017), and calculated a score of zero. Included on the ADDS chart is a numeric rating scale that measures pain intensity (Douglas, Schoenwald, 2013, p. 1334). Mrs Adams verbalises systemic pain as a seven out of ten at rest and a nine out of ten on movement. The nurse administered regular analgesia as prescribed and morphine subcutaneously through a dedicated morphine line located on the right deltoid half an hour before personal cares involving movement. No phlebitis was detected. Other prescribed medicine was administered through Mrs Adams nasogastric tube (NGT). This tube was flushed before and after medication and four hourly as per hospital policy to maintain the tubes patency (X District Health Board, 2015, p. 5). The flushes and NGT feeds were recorded on a fluid balance chart similar to Wottons (2013, p. 1215). Urine output from Mrs Adams indwelling catheter (I DC) was also recorded on this chart. Faecal output ranging from type six to seven was recorded on a Bristol’s bowel chart (Watt, 2013, p.1126). Personal cares such as wrap changes, positioning and bed washes are a two person assist asShow MoreRelatedNursing Management Plan791 Words   |  4 PagesThe goal of this innovation is to create a more inclusive and accessible access to web-based functions. The plan is to provide internal workers and external customers stress-free access to web-based functions whether, they be work related function or easing access to provider and service products. The project’s purpose is to disseminate computer-based instructional modules for browser access to medical, dental and provider catalog, with eased access to their tele-health, and pharmaceutical servicesRead MoreA Nursing Plan for Pain Management627 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿Nursing Plan The overall depth and breadth of interventions are hampered by two major things. First the patient is unwilling or unable to assist in their own care and the family (the daughter) is apparently not realizing that the patient is clearly on the verge of death for a number of reasons (hence the suggestion of hospice). Even if the daughter refuses to go that route, the focus remains on reducing pain as much as possible more than the patient getting better as this is clearly beyond theRead MoreNursing Problem, Management And Discharge Plans Essay914 Words   |  4 Pagesvisit them. 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Culture Affects the Performance

Question : 1. How Culture Affects the Performance of International Managers ? Answer : Introduction Key research questions The topic of this research proposal is to find out the impact of culture on the performance of international managers. Major research questions for this research work are given below: What are the dimensions of organizational culture that affect the business performance? How performance of international managers can be analyzed? What is the linkage between culture and performance of international managers? How cultural dimensions of an organization can be improved so that international managers can enhance their performance? Specific research objectives The aim of this research work is assess the impact of cultures on the performance of international managers. Objectives for this research work are given below: To analyze the dimensions of organizational culture that can affect the business performance. To evaluate the performance of international managers. To examine the between culture and performance of international managers To provide some recommendations to improve cultural dimensions of an organization so that international managers can enhance their performance Rationale of the research Performance of international managers plays a significant role to improve sustainability of a business in international market on the basis of effectiveness. Biddle and Swee (2012) stated that, it is the role of international managers to improve productivity of an organization and enhance commitment level of employees. International managers help to clarify the norms, values and objectives of the organization depending on the organizational culture (Banks 2015). Development of a strong organizational culture can help to enhance the performance level of employees and their productivity as well. Blowers (2014) stated that employee performance is considered as the backbone of a company. It is the major responsibility of international managers to improve their performance. However, in international market, managers have to deal with employees, who have different thoughts, cultures values and beliefs. Hence, most of the cases conflict arises in the workplace. Bain et al. (2012) mentioned that, it is the responsibility of international managers, to deal with all these conflicts effectively and efficiently. Dealing with all these cultural issues and influencing employees to work as a team can improve productivity and vice versa. Hence, in this research work, the impact of culture on the performance of international mangers has been discussed. The concept of culture in organizational perspectives According to Banks (2015), culture can be distinct as the mixture of belief, set of values, communications and the behavioral explanation that offers guidance to people. Atchley et al. (2014) mentioned that, culture is the cognitive system that can help to improve decision making and thinking of people within a company. In case of organization, these values and beliefs have significant impact on the sustainability of performance. It can also help to improve sustainability of an organization. Different types of culture have been mentioned below: Subculture According to Brown (2012), sub cultures can be defined as the segment of organizations that have different set of values, beliefs and norms based on department goals, job requirements and geographical areas. It has been found that employee commitment towards an organization depends upon employee participation. Blowers (2014) stated that, sub culture of employees have impact on their participation level. Strong culture Blowers (2014) stated that, the types of beliefs and values that workers hold in a culture is considered as strong. In the context of an organization, a culture is considered strong, when the staffs hold grater part of culture. It is the responsibility of international managers to develop procedures, policies and objectives that can influence employee behaviour and help to gain competitive advantage. Weak culture Brown (2012) argued that loosely knit organizational culture, can push the thoughts, beliefs and attitudes of employees and help them to become more innovative. For this reason, managing the increasing needs to cultural management has become an important and valuable asset for a company. Dimension of organizational culture Professor Greet Hofstede had developed a study to analyze how the values and beliefs in a workplace is affected by the culture. Doris et al. (2015) stated that, culture can be considered as the collective programming that can distinguish a set or group of people from others. There are six major dimensions of culture can be found from Greet Hofstede model. They are such as Power Distance Index (PDI), individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. PDI indicates the degree of equality of power distribution among people. On the other hand, individualism indicates the preference of people for a loosely knit framework of the society. In this type of social framework people only take care of themselves and their close family members. On the contrary, Ferraro and Brody (2015) stated that masculinity is considered as the preference of people for achievement, success, rewards and heroism. Femininity is the opposite of masculinity. Quality of life, coop eration, caring and modesty is considered as femininity. Bain et al. (2012) mentioned that uncertainty avoidance is the dimension of culture that helps to determine the comfort level of people with ambiguity and uncertainty. In order to discuss about the cultural dimension named long term orientation, Greet Hofstede stated that every society had to keep a link with its past, while dealing with the challenges of present and thinking about future. Ferraro and Brody (2015) stated that, culture that scores low in this dimension like to have time-honored tradition. According to Bain et al. (2012), indulgence is considered as the cultural dimension related with having fun in work and enjoying life. Greet Hofstedes cultural dimension has been described below: Figure 1: Greet Hofstedes model of cultural dimension (Source: Geert-hofstede 2016) Roles and responsibilities of international managers Li et al. (2016) stated that due to global competition, companies are forced to change their management strategy at home and abroad. There are various factors like high speed communication, shorter product cycle, rate of change and technical advancements have contribution towards the change. Koopmann-Holm and Tsai (2014) mentioned that, organizational structure has to be flexible so that an organization can adopt the changing market condition. Bain et al. (2012) argued that, although international managers have to perform the same functions like domestic managers, they have to adjust to more variables and different environment. There are four major roles and responsibilities of international mangers can be found. They are such as: Planning Li et al. (2016) mentioned that, the first step of international planning is to decide how to conduct business in the global market. It is the major role of international managers to set aims and objectives for international activities. They have to observe the environment very closely. It includes factors such as cultural barriers, political instability, currency rate fluctuations and trademark protection. Organizing It is the major responsibility of international managers is to make sure that the planning of the company fits with the culture of the host country. Li et al. (2016) stated that, they have to organize international business in such a way that that can adopt environmental and cultural barriers. They have to change the structure of the organization in three major stages (Liu et al. 2013). They are such as pre-international stage, international division stage and global structure stage. Staffing According to Marsh et al. (2015), hiring a good employee is crucial to the success of any organization. For this reason, hiring qualified employees and development of employees have to be done carefully. The international managers have to be familiar with the labor laws of the host country. Depending on the cultural difference with the host country, the international managers have to decide whether to hire employees from local workforce or to transfer home-base personnel. Directing Atchley et al. (2014) stated that, cultural differences between the origin country and the host country, makes the directing role more challenging for the international managers. They have to understand that attitude of employees towards job and their problem solving skills differ from country to country. In addition, language barriers in the host countries can make the communication more difficult. In to minimize the cultural barriers, international mangers have to take training related with cross-cultural management. Atchley et al. (2014) mentioned that, cross-cultural management can help managers to develop effective interaction with people coming from different cultures and respect diversity. Controlling Marsh et al. (2015) stated that, language barriers, geographic dispersion and distance and legal constraints in the host country can affect the controlling functions of international managers. For instance, in many countries, holidays, pensions are legally mandated by legal bodies of a country. Bernard (2012) stated that, in many countries all the aspects are considered as the legal rights of employees. In many part of the world, there many powerful employee unions exist. According to Atchley et al. (2014), demands of these labor unions restrict the controlling ability of international managers. It has affected their overall performance severely. Conceptual framework Figure 2: Conceptual framework (Source: created by author) Research methodology Outline of this research work consists of descriptive research purpose, deductive approach along with post positivism research philosophy. In order to conduct this research work, both primary data and secondary will be collected. In order gather primary data, an interview will be conducted with 5 international mangers working in the country Jordon (qualitative data). On the contrary, secondary data can be collected from a range of updated journals, websites, books and various research articles. Bernard (2012) mentioned that, research philosophy provides the required knowledge and dimension required for a specific research study. It provides the fundamental facts, concepts and models required to conduct a study in appropriate manner. There are various catagories of research philosophies can be utilized to conduct a research work. They are like positivism, realism and post- positivism philosophy. In order to conduct this research work, post-positivism philosophy will be used. Bryman and Bell (2012) mentioned that, post positivism philosophy helps to examine the validity of the particular data gathered from a specific research work depending on previous research works. This philosophy will help to complete this research work with the help of cross checked and real data and fact. There are primarily two categories of research approaches can be utilized to conduct a research work in appropriate manner. They are like deductive approach and inductive approach. Bernard (2012) mentioned that, deductive approach can help to inspect the previous models and theories associate with a specific research topic. On the contrary, Bryman and Bell (2012) mentioned that inductive research approach helps to develop new theories and models related with a specific research topic. In order to develop this specific research study, deductive research approach has been chosen. It will help to develop this research work with the help of existing theories and models related with this topic. As there is not ample time to develop new models or theories related with this research topic, inductive research approach is not suitable for this research work. According to Bryman and Bell (2012), there are mostly three categories of research purposes can be utilized to conduct a research study. They are like descriptive research purpose, exploratory research purpose and explanatory research purpose. In order to develop this research study in appropriate manner, descriptive research purpose has been chosen as it will help to develop this research work with detail information related with the research topic. Cooper and Schindler (2012) mentioned that, there are primarily two categories of data can be collected in order to conduct a research study. They are like primary and secondary data. It has been fund that primary data can be gathered with the help of surveys and interviews. Burns et al. (2013) mentioned that, there are two kinds of primary data can be gathered. They are like quantitative data and qualitative data. It has been found that, quantitative data can be gathered with the help of survey. On the other hand, qualitative data can be gathered with the help of interviews. Secondary data can be collected from various updated journals, articles and books. In order to conduct this research study in appropriate manner, qualitative primary data will be collected by conducting an interview with 5 international managers working in Jordon. In addition, secondary data will be collected from various updated journals and articles related with the topic of the research. Reference list Atchley, P., Shi, J. and Yamamoto, T., 2014. Cultural foundations of safety culture: A comparison of traffic safety culture in China, Japan and the United States.Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour,26, pp.317-325. Bain, P., Vaes, J., Kashima, Y., Haslam, N. and Guan, Y., 2012. Folk conceptions of humanness beliefs about distinctive and core human characteristics in Australia, Italy, and China.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,43(1), pp.53-58. Banks, J.A., 2015.Cultural diversity and education. Routledge. Bernard, H. R. 2012 Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. 5th ed. Plymouth: Alta Mira Press. Biddle, N. and Swee, H., 2012. The relationship between wellbeing and Indigenous land, language and culture in Australia.Australian Geographer,43(3), pp.215-232. Blowers, G., 2014. Gone with the west wind: the emergence and disappearance of psychotherapeutic culture in China, 193668.Psychiatry and Chinese history. Brown, A.J., 2012. Measuring the mysteries of federal political culture in Australia.Tomorrows federation: Reforming Australian government, ed. Paul Kildea, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams,310. Bryman, A. and Bell, E. 2012 Business Research Methodology. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Burns, R. B., Burns, R. and Burns, R. P. 2013 Business Research Methods and Statistics Using SPSS, 3rd. ed. London: Sage Publications. Cooper, D. and Schindler, P. S. 2012 Business Research Methods, 11th ed. London: McGra-Hill. Doris, E., Shekriladze, I., Javakhishvili, N., Jones, R., Treasure, J. and Tchanturia, K., 2015. Is cultural change associated with eating disorders? A systematic review of the literature.Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity,20(2), pp.149-160. Ferraro, G. and Brody, E.K., 2015.Cultural Dimension of Global Business. Routledge Geert-hofstede, 2016. [online] Geert-hofstede.com. Available at: https://geert-hofstede.com/ [Accessed 16 Dec. 2016]. Koopmann-Holm, B. and Tsai, J.L., 2014. Focusing on the negative: Cultural differences in expressions of sympathy.Journal of personality and social psychology,107(6), p.1092. Li, Z., Massa, M., Xu, N. and Zhang, H., 2016. DP11475 The Impact of Sin Culture: Evidence from Earning Management and Alcohol Consumption in China. Liu, C., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z. and Wang, P., 2013. Patient safety culture: a case study in an outpatient setting in Beijing.BMJ quality safety, pp.bmjqs-2013. Marsh, H.W., Abduljabbar, A.S., Morin, A.J., Parker, P., Abdelfattah, F., Nagengast, B. and Abu-Hilal, M.M., 2015. The big-fish-little-pond effect: Generalizability of social comparison processes over two age cohorts from Western, Asian, and Middle Eastern Islamic countries.Journal of Educational Psychology,107(1), p.258.